Nhoroondo yekushandisa uye basa rekuvhiya microscopes mu neurosurgery

 

Munhoroondo yeNeurosurgery, kushandiswa kweKuvhiya MicroscopesChiratidzo chekutanga, kufambira mberi kubva kune yetsika neurosurgical nguva yekuvhiya pasi peziso rakashama kusvika kuurerosurical nguva yekuvhiya pasi pemicroscope. Ndiani uye riiniInoshanda microscopestanga kushandiswa muNourosurgery? Basa reiKuvhiya Microscopeyakatamba mukuvandudzwa kwe neurosurgery? Nekufambira mberi kwesainzi uye tekinoroji, kudaInoshanda microscopekutsiviwa nemamwe marudzi epamberi? Uyu mubvunzo uyo neurosurgegeon neyako neurosurgeon inofanirwa kuziva uye kushandisa tekinoroji yazvino uye zviridzwa kumunda weNeurosurgery, uchisimudzira kuvandudzwa kweiyo neurosurgery hunyanzvi hwekuvhiya.

1, nhoroondo yezvinyorwa zvemicroscopy mumunda wekurapa

Mune fizikisi, magirazi emaziso enzvimbo idzo dzinodzikisira lenses ine chimiro chimwe chine simba rekukudza, uye hukuru hwavo hushoma, hunozivikanwa segirazi rinokudza. Mune 1590, vanhu vaviri veDutch vakaisa maviri convex lens plens mukati mechirume chakapenyamicroscope. Pashure pazvo, chimiro chemicroscope chakaramba chakagadziridzwa, uye kukura kwacho kwakawedzera nguva dzose. Panguva iyoyo, masayendisiti anonyanya kushandisa izvicomposite microscopeKuti utarise zvidimbu zvidiki zvemhuka nezvirimwa, zvakadai sekugadzirwa kwemasero. Kubva pakati pezana rekupedzisira kwezana ramakore re19, magirazi ekukudza uye magirazi uye microscopes akaiswa zvishoma nezvishoma mumunda wekurapa. Pakutanga, vanachiremba vanoshandisa ziso remagirazi rinokudza magirazi ane imwe lenzi chimiro chinogona kuiswa pane bhiriji yemhino kuti uvhare. Muna 1876, Sairesi Doctor Scourch yakatanga "Kuvhiya" Kuvhiya kuchishandisa yeziso reGooglass kugonesa girazi (mhando yekuvhiya haizivikanwe). Muna 1893, kambani yeGerman Zibhishi yakagadzirwabinocular microscope. Muna 1921, zvichibva pakutsvaga kwekusarambidza pamhuka yemhuka yemukati anatomy, Sweden otolaryzvimbologist nylen yakashandisa yakatarwaMonoucar Kuvhiya MicroscopeYakagadzirwa uye yakagadzirwa neMakeke pachezvake kuti vaite chirwere chisingaperi cheOtitis kuvhiya kwevanhu, icho chaive mufananidzo chaiwo. Rimwe gore gare gare, nyanzvi yepamusoro yaNylen hlolmgren yakaunza aBinocular Kuvhiya MicroscopeYakagadzirwa neZeiss muimba yekushandisa.

KutangaInoshanda microscopesyakanga iine madhiri mazhinji, akadai sekugadzikana kwemakwenzi, kutadza kufambisa, kushomeka kwemazwi akasiyana-siyana, etc. Izvi zvese zvikonzero zvekunyoreraKuvhiya Microscopes. Mumakore makumi matatu anotevera, nekuda kwekudyidzana kwakanaka pakati pekuvhiya uyeMicroscope Vagadziri, kuita kweKuvhiya Microscopesyakagara ichivandudzwa, uyebinocular kuvhiya microscopes, denga rakagadzirwa microscopes, zoom lenses, coaxial mwenje soice kuvhenekerwa, zvemagetsi kana kumadokero kwemvura zvinodzora maoko, tsoka tsoka dzekufambisa, uye zvichikadaro zvakavandudzwa. Muna 1953, kambani yeGerman yeGerman Zeiss yakabereka nhevedzano yehunyanzviKuvhiya microscopes kune otology, kunyanya yakakodzera kuvhiyiwa pane zvakadzika maronda senge nzeve yepakati uye yepfupa. Ipo maitiro aKuvhiya MicroscopesKuenderera mberi nekuvandudza, pfungwa yekuvhiya inogara ichichinja. Semuenzaniso, vanachiremba veGerman zollner uye wucstein vakataura izvozvoKuvhiya MicroscopesInofanirwa kushandiswa kune tympanic membrane kugadzirira kuvhiya. Kubva ma1950s, ophthalmologist zvishoma nezvishoma vakachinja zvishoma tsika yekushandisa chete microscopes kune bvunzo dzeOPHThalmic uye kuunzwaOtosurgical microscopesmukuvhiyiwa kweOfpharic. Kubva ipapo,Inoshanda microscopedzakashandiswa zvakanyanya muminda yeOtology uye ophthalmology.

2, Kushandiswa kwekuvhiya microscope muurovosurgery

Nekuda kweiyo kunyanya yeNeurosurgery, iyo application yeKuvhiya microscopes mu neurosurgeryIri zvishoma gare gare kupfuura muOtology uye ophthalmology, uye neurosurgeons vari kushingairira kudzidza iyi tekinoroji nyowani. Panguva iyoyo, iyoKushandisa kweMicroscopesyainyanya kuEurope. American ophthalmologist perrit yakatanga kuunzwaKuvhiya Microscopeskubva kuEurope kuenda kuUnited States muna 1946, kuisa hwaro hweAmerican neurosurgeons yekushandisaInoshanda microscopes.

Kubva mumaonero ekuremekedza kukosha kwehupenyu hwevanhu, chero tekinoroji nyowani, zvishandiso, kana zviridzwa zvinoshandiswa kuti muviri wemunhu unofanirwa kuedzwa kwemhuka uye kudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi hwevashandi vevashandi. Muna 1955, American neurosurgeon Malis akaisa kuvhiyiwa kwehuropi pamhuka uchishandisa aBinocular Kuvhiya Microscope. Kurze, neurosurgeon kuYunivhesiti yeSouthern California muUnited States, vakapedza gore kudzidza nzira dzekuvhiya dzekuvhiya vachishandisa micratory mumarabhorosi mushure mekuona nziyo pasi pemicroscope. Muna Nyamavhuvhu 1957, akabudirira kuita muvhare weAcoustic neuromsa mumwana ane makore mashanu ekuzvarwa achishandisaKuvhiya nzeve microscope, iyo yaive yekuvhiyiwa kwenyika yekutanga yenyika. Nguva pfupi yapfuura, Kurze zvakanyatsoita chivimbo chenzvimbo yerudzi rwechivanhu nerve anastomosis pamwana achishandisa aKuvhiya Microscope, uye kupora kwemwana kwaive kwakanakisa. Uku ndiko kwaive kuvhiyiwa kwechipiri mishrosurical kuri kuitika munyika. Pashure peizvozvo, Gurze inoshandiswa marori ekutakuraInoshanda microscopeskunzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzeMicrosurgical neurosurgery, uye zvakakurudzira kushandiswa kwakasimbaKuvhiya Microscopeskune mamwe neurosurgeons. Pashure peizvozvo, Gurze akaita cerebral aneurysm clipping kuvhiya uchishandisa aKuvhiya Microscope(Zvinosuruvarisa, haana kuburitsa chero zvinyorwa). Nekutsigirwa kwechirwere cheNeuragian Neuralgia Akaremekedza, akagadza nzira yekutanga yenyika neurosurgery Laboratory muMicrosurgery uye akadzidza kubva kuushingi hwake hwekugamuchira tekinoroji matsva nemazano. Nekudaro, kusvikira pakutanga kwa1990, mamwe neurosurgeons muChina haana kugamuchiraNeurosurgery microscopeskuvhiyiwa. Iyi yakanga isiri dambudziko neNeurosurgery microscopeIro pacharo, asi dambudziko neiyo neurosurgeons 'fungidziro nzwisiso.

Muna 1958, American neurosurgeon Donaghy yakatanga nyika yekutanga microsurger yekutsvaga uye kudzidzisa laboratori muBurlington, Vermont. Mumatanho ekutanga, akasanganawo nenyonganiso uye matambudziko emari kubva kune vakuru. MuCacademia, aigara achifunga kucheka midziyo yeropa eropa kuti abvise zvakananga Thrombi kubva kune varwere vane cerebral thrumbosis. Saka akaburitswa neVascular Surgeon Jacobson pane mhuka uye nekiriniki research. Panguva iyoyo, pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu eziso rakashama, chete midziyo madiki eropa ane dhaya yemamirioni 7-8 kana anopfuura anogona kutumwa. Kuti uwane kuguma-kusvika-kumagumo anastomosis yemidziyo yeropa, jacobson akatanga kuyedza kushandisa girazi rekukudza girazi. Nguva pfupi yapfuura, akarangarira achishandisa aOtolararySangology Kuvhiya MicroscopeKuti uvhare paakanga ari chiremba anogarwa. Saka, nerubatsiro rwaZeis kuGermany, Jacobson vakagadzira mushandi wezviitiko zvechiitiko.Diploscope) yeAnscular AnastoMosis, inobvumira vashandisi vaviri kuti vaite kuvhiyiwa panguva imwe chete. Mushure mekuedza kwakawanda kwemhuka, Jacobson yakaburitswa chinyorwa pane microsurical anastomosis yeimbwa uye isiri carotid arters (1960), ine 100% reti yemasangano emascularmosis. Iyi ipepa rokurapa rekurapa rine chekuita nemicrosurical neurosurgery uye vascular kuvhiya. Jacobson akagadzirawo zviridzwa zvakawanda zvemukati, senge scissors micro, micro sindano anobata, uye micro chiridzwa. Muna 1960, Donaghy akabudirira kuita cerebral artery incision thrombectomy pasi peKuvhiya Microscopekumurwere ane cerebral thrombosis. Rhonsia kubva kuUnited States akatanga kudzidza nehuropi kwehuropi pasi peMicroscope muna 1967, kupayona munda mutsva weanatomy uye kuita mipiro yakakosha mukuvandudzwa kwemiumbi. Nekuda kwezvakanakira zveKuvhiya Microscopesuye kuvandudzwa kwezviridzwa zvemukati, vamwe vanovhiya vanofarira kushandisaKuvhiya Microscopeskuvhiyiwa. Uye akaburitsa zvakawanda zvine hukama nezvirongwa zvemukati maitiro.

3, Kushandiswa kwekuvhiya microscope mu neurosurgery kuChina

Semukati mekunze kwenyikaneurosurgical microscopeuye zvinoenderanaMicrosurgial ZviridzwaKune iyo neurosurgery department yeSuzhou Medical College Cooki Chipatara (zvino neurosurgery Dhipatimendi reSuzhou rakabatana Chipatara) muna 1972 Mushure mekudzidza nezve kuwanikwa kweneurosurgical microscopesuye microsurgical zviridzwa, purofesa zhao yadu kubva kuRourosurgery department yeBeijing Yiwu Hospital Pepaintised du ziwei kubva kuSuzhou Medical College kuti uone kushandiswa kweKuvhiya Microscopes. Muzvinafundo Shi Yuquan kubva kuShanghai Huashan Hospital Nekuda kweizvozvo, mafungu esumo, kudzidza, uye kushandiswa kweNeurosurgery microscopesyakadzvanywa mune makuru neurosurgery nzvimbo muChina, achimisa kutanga kweChina yeChina neurosurgery.

4, mhedzisiro yekuvhiyiwa microsurgery

Nekuda kwekushandiswa kweneurosurgical microscopes, kuvhiya hakugone kuitwa neziso rakashama kunowanikwa mumamiriro ezvinhu ekukura kwe6-10. Semuenzaniso, kuita zvinyoronyoro muTumor kuvhiya kuburikidza neTstous Sinus kunogona kuzivisa zvakachengeteka uye kubvisa materu pundutso pundutso padzinodzivirira yakajairika punduitary gland; Kuvhiya izvo hazvigone kuitwa neziso rakashama kunogona kuvhiyiwa zviri nani, sekuti soundsstem tumors uye musina marara embambo. AcademiciNeurosurgery microscope. Mushure mekushandisa microscope muna 1978, huwandu hwekufa hwakadzikira kusvika ku3,2%. Huwandu hwekufa hwemhedzisiro yeratidziro yemaraki malformform yekuvhiya pasina kushandisa aKuvhiya Microscopeyaive 6.2%, uye mushure me1984, nekushandiswa kweneurosurgery microscopes, huwandu hwekufa hwakadzikira kusvika ku1.6%. Kushandiswa kweNeurosurgery microscopeInobvumira Tuitary Tumors kuti ibatwe kuburikidza neyakajairwa kusanganisa transnasal transpenomenomenomenomesa pasina kudiwa kweCraniotomy, kuderedza huwandu hwekuvhiya kubva ku4,7% kusvika 0.9%. Kubudirira kwezvibodzwa izvi hazvigoneke pasi petsika dzakakura dzekuvhiya kweziso, sakaKuvhiya MicroscopesChiratidzo cheurosurgery yemazuva ano uye chave chimwe chezvisingakwanisi uye zvisina basa zvekuvhiya zvisingaverengeki muurosurgery.