Kuongorora kwakajeka kwekushanduka kwetekinoroji uye kushandiswa kwemamaikorosikopu ekuvhiya kwakasiyana-siyana

 

Maikorosikopu yekuvhiya ndiyo chishandiso chikuru chekubudirira pakuvhiya kwakanyatsojeka mukurapa kwemazuva ano. Sechishandiso chekurapa chinobatanidza masisitimu emaziso ane resolution yepamusoro, maumbirwo emakanika akanyatsojeka, uye mamodule ekudzora akangwara, misimboti yacho mikuru inosanganisira kukwidziridza kwemaziso (kazhinji 4 × -40 × inogadziriswa), nzvimbo yekuona stereo inopihwa nemaikorosikopu inoshanda nebhinocular, chiedza che coaxial cold lighting (chinoderedza kukuvara kwekupisa kwenyama), uye system yemaoko yerobhoti yakangwara (inotsigira nzvimbo ye360 °). Zvinhu izvi zvinoita kuti ikwanise kupfuura nepakati pemiganhu yemuviri weziso remunhu, kuwana kurongeka kwe 0.1 millimeters, uye kuderedza zvakanyanya njodzi yekukuvara kwetsinga dzeropa.

 

Ⅰ、 Nheyo dzehunyanzvi uye mabasa makuru

1. Masisitimu ekuona uye emifananidzo:

- Sisitimu yebhinocular inopa nzvimbo yekuona yakabatana ye stereoscopic yemuvhiyi nemubatsiri kuburikidza ne prism, ine dhayamita yenzvimbo yekuona ye5-30 mm, uye inogona kuchinjika kudaro kwakasiyana kwevana vemuviri uye simba re refractive. Mhando dzezvipenyu zvemaziso zvinosanganisira nzvimbo yakakura yekuona uye rudzi rwe prothrombin, iyo yekupedzisira inogona kubvisa kukanganiswa uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti mifananidzo yemucheto yakajeka.

- Sisitimu yemwenje inoshandisa fiber optic guide, ine tembiricha yeruvara rwe4500-6000K uye kupenya kunogadzirisika (10000-150000 Lux). Pamwe chete netekinoroji yekudzvinyirirwa kwechiedza chitsvuku, inoderedza njodzi yekukuvara kwechiedza cheretinal. Xenon kana halogen rambi source pamwe chete nekugadzirwa kwechiedza chinotonhora kudzivirira kukuvara kwekupisa kwetishu.

- Iyo spectroscope uye module yekuwedzera yedhijitari (yakadai se 4K/8K kamera system) inotsigira kutapurirana nekuchengetera mifananidzo panguva chaiyo, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kudzidzisa nekubvunzana.

2. Chimiro chemuchina uye dhizaini yekuchengetedza:

- Nzvimbo dzekushandisa maikorosikopuzvakakamurwa kuita zvimiro zvepasi uyemaikorosikopu anoshanda patafuraYekutanga yakakodzera makamuri makuru ekuvhiyira, nepo yekupedzisira yakakodzera makamuri ekubvunzana ane nzvimbo shoma (senge makiriniki emazino).

- Chigadziko chemagetsi chedhigirii nhanhatu cherusununguko chine mabasa ekudzivirira otomatiki uye ekudzivirira kurovera, uye chinomira kufamba nekukurumidza kana chasangana nekusagadzikana, zvichiita kuti chive chakachengeteka mukati mekuvhiyiwa.

 

Ⅱ、 Zviitiko zvekushandisa zvakanangana uye kugadziriswa kwetekinoroji

1. Kuvhiyiwa kwemaziso nekatarakita:

Iyomaikorosikopu inoshanda yemazisoinomiririra munyaya dzemaikorosikopu yemaziso inoshandaZvinodiwa zvikuru zvinosanganisira:

- Kukwanisa kushanda zvakanaka (kwakawedzera ne25%) uye kudzika kukuru kwenzvimbo, zvichideredza huwandu hwekutarisa panguva yekuvhiyiwa;

- Dhizaini yechiedza chisina kusimba (sengemaikorosikopu yekushanda kwekatarakita yemaziso) kuwedzera kunyaradzwa kwemurwere;

- Kufamba kwe3D uye basa reOCT mukati mekuvhiyiwa zvinogonesa kugadzirisa kwakanyatsojeka kwe crystal axis mukati me1 °.

2. Otolaryngology uye Dentistry:

- Iyomaikorosikopu yekushanda kweENTinofanira kugadziriswa kuti ikwanise kushandiswa pakuita mabasa ekuisa masero madiki (sekuisirwa mucochlear), ine lenzi refu re focal length (250-400mm) uye fluorescence module (sekunge ICG angiography).

- Iyomaikorosikopu yemazino ari kushanda inoshandisa dhizaini yenzira yechiedza yakafanana, ine daro rinogadziriswa rekushanda re200-500mm. Yakashongedzerwa nelenzi inogadzirisa zvinhu zvakanaka uye lenzi inotenderera kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvekushanda zvakanaka zvakaita sekugadzirisa root canal.

3. Kuvhiyiwa kweHuropi neKuvhiyiwa kweMusana:

- Iyomaikorosikopu inoshanda neuropi inoda autofocus, robotic joint locking, uye fluorescence imaging technology (kugadzirisa mitsipa yeropa padanho re 0.1 millimeter).

- Iyomaikorosikopu yekuvhiya musanainoda nzira yakadzika kwazvo yekuvhiya (1-15mm) kuti ienderane nenzvimbo dzakadzika dzekuvhiya, pamwe chete nehurongwa hwekufamba netsinga kuti iwane nzira chaiyo yekudzikamisa kumanikidzwa kwetsinga.

4. Kuvhiyiwa kwepurasitiki nemwoyo:

- Iyomaikorosikopu ari kushanda pakuvhiya purasitikiinoda kudzika kwakakura kwemunda uye chiedza chishoma chinobva pakupisa kuti ichengetedze simba re flap uye inotsigira kuongororwa kweropa panguva chaiyo kuburikidza neFL800 intraoperative angiography.

- Iyomaikorosikopu inoshanda nemwoyoInotarisa pakururama kwe microvascular anastomosis uye inoda kuchinjika uye kuramba kupindira kwemagetsi kweruoko rwerobhoti.

 

Ⅲ、 Mafambiro ekuvandudza tekinoroji

1. Kufamba panguva yekuvhiyiwa uye rubatsiro rwemarobhoti:

- Tekinoroji yeAugmented reality (AR) inogona kufukidza mifananidzo yeCT/MRI isati yavhiyiwa panzvimbo yekuvhiyiwa kuratidza nzira dzetsinga netsinga munguva chaiyo.

- Masisitimu ekudzora ari kure emarobhoti (akadai semamaikorosikopu anodzorwa nejoystick) anovandudza kugadzikana kwekushanda uye anoderedza kuneta kwemushandisi.

2. Kusanganiswa kwe super-resolution neAI:

- Tekinoroji mbiri dze photon microscopy dzinoita kuti masero aonekwe seari pakati pemasero, pamwe chete neAI algorithms kuti zvionekwe otomatiki maumbirwo enyama (senge miganhu yebundu kana tsinga), uye zvinobatsira pakuvhiyiwa kwakanyatsojeka.

3. Kubatanidzwa kwemifananidzo yakawanda:

-Kuona mifananidzo yeFluorescence contrast (ICG/5-ALA) pamwe chete neOCT panguva yekuvhiyiwa kunotsigira nzira yekuita sarudzo panguva chaiyo ye "kutarisa uchicheka".

 

Ⅳ、 Sarudzo yekugadzirisa uye zvinhu zvinofanirwa kufungwa nezvazvo pamutengo

1. Mutengo:

- Chinhu chekutangamaikorosikopu yekuvhiya mazino(senge system ye zoom optical ine nhanho nhatu) inodhura mari inosvika miriyoni imwe ye yuan;

- Yepamusoro-soromaikorosikopu yekuvhiya kwetsinga(kusanganisira kamera ye4K uye kufamba kwechiedza chefluorescent) zvinogona kudhura kusvika ku4.8 miriyoni yuan.

2. chishongedzo chekushandisa maikorosikopu:

-Zvishandiso zvikuru zvinosanganisira mubato wekuchenesa (unodzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya uye kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya), chivharo chemaziso chinotarisisa, chinodzivirira ganda (magirazi ekubatsira/ekudzidzisa), uye chifukidziro chakatsaurirwa chekuchenesa.

 

ⅤPfupiso

Maikorosikopu ekuvhiya akashanduka kubva pakushandisa chimwe chete chekukudza zvinhu kuenda pakushandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuvhiya. Mune ramangwana, nekubatanidzwa kwakadzama kweAR navigation, kuzivikanwa kweAI, uye tekinoroji yemarobhoti, kukosha kwayo kukuru kuchatarisa pa "kushandira pamwe kwevanhu nemashini" - ukuwo zvichivandudza kuchengetedzeka uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekuvhiya, vanachiremba vachiri kuda ruzivo rwakasimba rweanatomiki nehunyanzvi hwekushanda sehwaro. Dhizaini yakakosha (senge musiyano uripo pakatimaikorosikopu yekushanda kwemusanauyemaikorosikopu yemaziso inoshanda) uye kuwedzera kwakangwara kucharamba kuchisundira miganhu yekuvhiya kwakarurama kuenda kunguva ye sub millimeter.