Kushandiswa kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana uye kugadzirwa kwakakosha kwemamaikorosikopu ekuvhiya akanyatsogadzirwa

 

Kuvhiya kwemazuva ano kwapinda zvizere munguva yekuvhiya kwe microsurgery.maikorosikopu yekuvhiyainokudza nzvimbo yekuvhiyiwa ka4-40 kuburikidza nesystem ye optical ine resolution yepamusoro, coaxial cold light source illumination, uye arm ye robotic ine hungwaru, zvichigonesa vanachiremba kugadzirisa ma microstructures akadai setsinga dzeropa netsinga nemazvo e 0.1 millimeters, zvichichinja zvachose miganhu yekuvhiyiwa kwechinyakare. Zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvehunyanzvi hwakasiyana hwe microscopy tekinoroji zvakatungamira kukura kwehunyanzvi hwemaikorosikopu ekuvhiya, vachigadzira tekinoroji yekubatana yekushanduka-shanduka kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana.

 

Ⅰ、Chinhu chikuru chekugadzira maikorosikopu yekuvhiya yeneurosurgical

Iyomaikorosikopu yekuvhiya yeuropiYakagadzirirwa kuvhiyiwa kwemusoro nemusana. Zvakanakira zvayo zvikuru zviri mu:

1. Mifananidzo yepamusoro-soro yeminda yekuvhiya yakadzika:Nekushandisa lenzi refu re focal length (200-400mm) uye hunyanzvi hwekushandisa tekinoroji yemunda (inogadziriswa 1-15mm), tsinga dzeuropi dzakadzika uye network dzetsinga dzeropa zvinogona kuratidzwa zvakajeka;

2. Kubatanidzwa kwemifananidzo inoshanda zvakawanda:kubatanidza fluorescence contrast (yakadai se indocyanine green labeling) uye 4K ultra high definition imaging kusiyanisa bundu kubva kunyama dzakajairika munguva chaiyo panguva yekuvhiyiwa uye kudzivirira njodzi yekukuvara kwetsinga dzeropa. Semuenzaniso, chizvarwa chitsva chemaikorosikopu ari kushanda pakuvhiya kwetsingayasvika pakuona tsinga dzeropa dzakareba ne 0.2mm, zvichideredza kubuda ropa panguva yekuvhiyiwa kusvika pasi pe 30% yekuvhiyiwa kwakajairika;

3. Nzvimbo ine hungwaru yeruoko rwerobhoti:Chivharo chemagetsi chedhigirii nhanhatu cherusununguko chinotsigira nzvimbo yakagadzikana ye360 ° pasina makona asina kumira zvakanaka. Mushandisi anogona kudzora kufamba kwemaikorosikopu kuburikidza nezwi kana pedal yetsoka, zvichiita kuti "ruoko rweziso rushande pamwe chete".

 

Ⅱ、Kushanduka chaiko kwemaikorosikopu ekuvhiya maziso

Maikorosikopu yekuvhiya mazisoinobudirira zvikuru mukuvhiyiwa kwe refractive:

- Basa rekufamba ne3D:KutoraMaikorosikopu inoshanda ye3DSemuenzaniso, inosanganisa OCT yekushanda (Optical Coherence Tomography) uye digital navigation kuti itevedzere axial angle ye astigmatic artificial lens munguva chaiyo, zvichideredza kukanganisa kwetsika yekucherechedza kubva pa5 ° kusvika mukati me1 °. Panguva imwe chete tarisa kukwirira kwe crystalline lens arch nenzira inochinja-chinja kudzivirira kutsauka kwenzvimbo mushure mekuvhiyiwa;

- Mwenje une chepfu shoma:kushandisa chiedza che LED chinotonhora (kupisa kwemavara 4500-6000K) pamwe chete ne red light reflection depressive filter kuderedza njodzi yekukuvara kwe retinal light uye kuvandudza nyaradzo yemurwere panguva yekuvhiyiwa;

- Kudzika kweTekinoroji yeKuwedzera Munda:Muma micro level operations akadai sekuvhiyiwa kwe macular, kudzika kwakanyanya kwe field mode kunogona kuchengetedza nzvimbo yakajeka yekuona pa 40x magnification, zvichipa nzvimbo yakakura yekuvhiyiwa kwechiremba.

 

ⅢKugadziriswa kwehunyanzvi hwemamaikorosikopu ekuvhiya mazino nemapfupa

1. Munda wemazino

Maikorosikopu yekushanda kwemazinoZvakakosha pakurapa root canal:

- Sisitimu yayo yekukudza isingaperi ine 4-40 fold inogona kuburitsa ma microtubules ari mukati memidzi ine calcium, zvichibatsira mukubvisa zvishandiso zvekupwanya zvine hurefu hwemamirimita gumi nemasere;

- Dhizaini ye coaxial dual light source inobvisa mavanga asingaonekwe mumuromo, uye nerubatsiro rwe beam splitter prism, inofananidza chiono chechiremba anovhiya nemubatsiri, zvichivandudza kushanda pamwe chete kwechikwata.

2. Mishonga yemapfupa nemunda wemusana

Maikorosikopu yekuvhiya yeOrthodonticuye maikorosikopu yekuvhiya musana, kunyanya pakushandisa nzira dzisinganyanyi kukuvadza murwere:

- Kuburikidza netekinoroji yemifananidzo ye "narrowband" yemaikorosikopu yekushanda kwemusana, kubviswa kwe lumbar segment dual segment (sekugadziriswa kwe L4/5 ne L5/S1 segments pamwe chete) kunogona kuitwa mukati mekucheka kwe 2.5-centimeter;

- Lenzi yemagetsi ye zoom objective (yakadai seVarioskop) ® Sisitimu iyi inochinjika zvichienderana nekuchinja kwenzvimbo panguva yekuvhiyiwa uye ine daro rekushanda rinogadziriswa re150-300mm, richizadzisa zvinodiwa zvekushanda kwemuzongoza wakadzika.

 

ⅣKugadziriswa kwakakosha pakati pe otolaryngology nekuvhiyiwa kwepurasitiki

1. Nzeve, mhino nepahuro

Iyomaikorosikopu yekuvhiyayakagadzirirwa zvakananga makomba matete:

- Batanidza module yekubatanidza laser kuti uwane otomatiki calibration ye laser focus uye microscope field of view mu micro resection yegomarara repamuromo;

- Kukwidziridzwa kwechiyero ichi ka12.5-fold, pamwe chete nekugadzirisa daro rekushanda nemagetsi, kwakakodzera zvinodiwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana kubva pa tympanoplasty kusvika pakuvhiyiwa kwekuvhura sinus.

2. Mubasa rekuvhiya purasitiki

Musimboti wemaikorosikopu ari kushanda pakuvhiya purasitikiiri mu microscopic anastomosis:

- Kunyatsojeka kwe vascular anastomosis ine mwero we 0.3mm, zvichitsigira mashandiro akanaka kwazvo akadai se lymphatic vein anastomosis;

- Girazi rekubatsira danda rakapatsanurwa pamwe nechiratidziro chekunze che3D zvinoita kuti pave nekuona kwakawanda, zvichivandudza mwero wekubudirira kwekuisirwa ganda.

 

Ⅴ、 Hutsva hwehurongwa hwekutsigira hwakakosha

Pasinei nekuti vane hunyanzvi hwakadii, maikorosikopu yekuvhiya uyemaikorosikopu ari kushandakugovana kushanduka-shanduka kukuru kutatu:

1. Kugadzira nzira itsva yekuisa:Iyo maikorosikopu yekushanda kwekiyi yetafurainopa mukana wekufamba-famba, dhizaini yedenga inochengetedza nzvimbo, uye dhizaini yepasi inoenzanisa kugadzikana uye rusununguko rwekugadzirisa;

2. Kuvandudzwa kwekushanda kwemakombiyuta evanhu:Kudzora inzwi (sekudzora izwi 4.0) uye dziviriro yekuzvirovera otomatiki zvinoderedza zvakanyanya kukanganiswa kwekushanda;

3. Kuwedzera Kwedhijitari:Sisitimu yekamera ye4K/8K inotsigira kubvunzana kuri kure uye kunyora mazita eAI panguva chaiyo (senge maalgorithms ekuziva mitsipa yeropa otomatiki), zvichitungamira microsurgery munguva yekushandira pamwe kwakangwara.

 

Mafambiro eramangwana: kubva pahunyanzvi kusvika pakubatanidzwa kwetekinoroji

Kunyanya kukosha kwemaikorosikopu ekuvhiyaHazvina kukanganisa kubatanidzwa kwetekinoroji dzakasiyana-siyana. Semuenzaniso, tekinoroji yekufamba nechiedza che fluorescence mukuvhiya kwetsinga dzeropa yakashandiswa kuongorora mitsipa yeropa iri mu retina.mamaikorosikopu anoshanda nemaziso; Mamodule ekuona emazino akadzika zvakanyanya ari kubatanidzwa mumaikorosikopu yekuvhiyakuwedzera kudzika kwenzvimbo yekuvhiyiwa kwemhino. Panguva imwe chete, zvinhu zvitsva zvakaita sekuwedzeredzwa kwemifananidzo yepamberi pekuvhiyiwa uye kudzora marobhoti ari kure zvicharamba zvichikurudzira kufambira mberi kwe microsurgery kune "kunyatsojeka, njere, uye kusapindira zvakanyanya".

 

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Kushanduka-shanduka kwemaikorosikopu ari kushandachaizvoizvo musiyano uripo pakati pezvinodiwa zvekiriniki nehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi: zvinoda kuratidzwa kwekupedzisira kwezvimiro zve microscale nemaikorosikopu yekuvhiya mazisouye mhinduro inochinjika yemakomba akadzika nemaikorosikopu yekushanda kwemusanaUye kana kushanda zvakanaka kwemadhipatimendi akakosha kwasvika padanho rakakosha, kubatanidzwa kwetekinoroji yekubatanidza masisitimu akasiyana kuchavhura nzira itsva yekuvhiya microsurgery.